Fitness Terms: The Body

Energy is the power received from food to do work or produce motion, or physical and mental strength of a person that can be directly towards some activity. 

Matter is any material in the universe that has mass and size. 

Chemistry deals with the identification of substances that matter is composed of and a chemical is a substance that undergoes any chemical change.

 An organism is a living thing with a cell as the basic unit of all living organisms. An average man has 60 to 100 trillion cells, and they multiply and exchange information to other cells. 

Tissue is body materials consisting of large amounts of cells. 

Muscles basically tighten and relax to produce movement.

Skeletal muscle is connected and moves certain parts of the body. 

Fat is an oily or greasy substance deposited as a layer of skin under certain organs.

Saturated fat is found in animal fat such as cheese, butter, lard and fatty meats, and chocolate, cottonseed oil, palm kernel oil, and chocolate. Saturated fat is solid at room temperature and is not likely to cause cardiovascular disease. 

Unsaturated fat is found in foods like avocado, nuts and vegetable oils, and meat contains both saturated and unsaturated fats. 

Trans fats are unsaturated fats uncommon in nature, anything with the "partially hydrogenated oil" label on it. We recommend reducing the consumption of trans fats to trace amounts. 

An organ is made out of a group of 2+ types of tissue that work together to achieve a specific function in an organism.

 A gram is a unit of weight in the metric system, and a kilogram is 1,000 grams or 2.2 pounds, a milligram is one thousandth of a gram or one millionth of a kilogram. 

Celsius is the temperature where water freezes at 0 degrees and burns at 100 degrees. 

A calorie is a measurement of energy potential.

A nutrient gives an organism something it needs to live and grow. 

Food is material taken into the body for growth, and an element is a substance that cannot be broken to smaller parts in a chemical reaction.

Compounds are substances made out of 2 or more different elements. 

Molecule is a smallest particle of a compound that will separate into elements to make it up. 

Acids are chemical compounds that taste sour and eat away at materials.

 Proteins are used for growth to repair the body to build cells and tissues, and they are made out of small units called amino acids.

 Gases are substances with an air-like form.

Carbon is a non-metallic chemical element found in much of the matter on earth and in all life, and oxygen is a colorless, odorless gas necessary for most living things to survive.

Hydrogen is the simplest and most abundant chemical element in the universe.

 Carbohydrate is a molecule composed of carbon, oxygen and hydrogen and is a daily source of energy for animals. 

Digestion is the process of breaking down food so the body can absorb and use it.

Enzymes are substances produced by organisms, causing specific reactions. 

Metabolism break down molecules from food to release energy, which helps create complex molecules used for building new cells, which creates and maintains them. 

Anabolism is where energy is used to make more complex substances from simpler ones, called constructive metabolism. 

Catabolism is the production of energy that breaks down complex substances from simple ones. This is known as destructive metabolism.